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Protection of Economic Competition - Agreements Distorting Competition
Káchová, Markéta ; Horáček, Vít (advisor) ; Eichlerová, Kateřina (referee)
Protection of Economic Competition - Agreements Distorting Competition The topic of this thesis is agreements distorting economic competition, traditionally referred to as cartels. Cartels are various forms of explicit and implied agreements among participants in economic competition which are capable of affecting the competition in a negative way and result not only into damaging other competitors, but also mostly into damaging the consumers. The main purpose of this thesis is to present a comprehensive view on the issues of agreements distorting economic competition from the point of the Czech and European substantive legal regulation and take into account some aspects of their practical assessment. Another purpose was to evaluate the alternatives of sanctioning of the prohibited agreements, both public enforcement and private enforcement of claims of the subjects that suffered loss resulting from the agreements. A partial purpose was to suggest possible future regulation of chosen areas. Chapter One is an introduction and includes delimitation of aims of the thesis. Chapter Two deals with the essence of the agreements and the concept itself. It also explains briefly, which particular impacts can these agreements practically have. Chapter Three delimits the boundary between the illegal cartel...
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Protection of Economic Competition - Agreements Violating Competition
Samek, Jiří ; Horáček, Vít (advisor) ; Pelikán, Robert (referee)
1 Abstract - Protection of Economic Competition - Agreements Violating Competition Agreements distorting competition are quite dangerous for the goals of competition law and it is necessary to search for them, find them and punish them. Therefore, the goal of this thesis was to provide a complex explanation of the issue of prohibited agreements from the point of view of Czech and European competition law. Relatively brusque diction of primary sources of law is typical for competition law and for the regulation of prohibited agreements. For this reason a large area of law is left to the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union and also for national courts in administrative judiciary. The thesis has in mind also the importance of the soft law which serve as a manual of the approach of the European Commission and the Office for the protection of competition which leads to a higher level of legal certainty. First chapter is dedicated to the explanation of basic terms of economic competition and of competition law. The largest space is given to the definition of the Czech term "competitor" and its European equivalent "undertaking". This chapter also explains relevant market and the matter of relationship between Czech and European competition law. The whole second chapter is dedicated to the...
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Protection of competition - block exemptions
Davidová, Lenka ; Horáček, Vít (advisor) ; Eichlerová, Kateřina (referee)
The main purpose of my thesis was to describe and analyse the system of the block exemptions. Briefly, the block exemption is a kind of exemption from the prohibition under article 101 (1) TFEU because it is supposed to fulfil the criteria of article 101 (3) TFEU. It exempts certain category of agreements, which are covered by the special regulation issued by the Council or more often by the Commission. The paper is divided into seven chapters and the first opening chapters are dealing with more general aspects of block exemption: the function, process of issuing, non- application and the advent of block exemption where the regulation 1/2003 (Modernisation Regulation) should be of special attention. It abolished the regime of previous notification of agreements to the Commission. An introduction to the system of other exemptions from the prohibition under article 101 (1) TFEU is also described there. The following part (chapter 4) focuses more detailed on the kinds of block exemptions, which are divided into the vertical, horizontal and sector exemptions. The former exemptions issued by the Czech Office for the Protection of Competition are no longer applicable and therefore only the block exemptions of the EU are of the concern of this paper. Furthermore, the special competition regime of some...
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Protection of Economic Competition - Agreements Violating Competition
Samek, Jiří ; Horáček, Vít (advisor) ; Pelikán, Robert (referee)
1 Abstract - Protection of Economic Competition - Agreements Violating Competition Agreements distorting competition are quite dangerous for the goals of competition law and it is necessary to search for them, find them and punish them. Therefore, the goal of this thesis was to provide a complex explanation of the issue of prohibited agreements from the point of view of Czech and European competition law. Relatively brusque diction of primary sources of law is typical for competition law and for the regulation of prohibited agreements. For this reason a large area of law is left to the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union and also for national courts in administrative judiciary. The thesis has in mind also the importance of the soft law which serve as a manual of the approach of the European Commission and the Office for the protection of competition which leads to a higher level of legal certainty. First chapter is dedicated to the explanation of basic terms of economic competition and of competition law. The largest space is given to the definition of the Czech term "competitor" and its European equivalent "undertaking". This chapter also explains relevant market and the matter of relationship between Czech and European competition law. The whole second chapter is dedicated to the...
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Protection of Economic Competition - Agreements Distorting Competition
Káchová, Markéta ; Horáček, Vít (advisor) ; Eichlerová, Kateřina (referee)
Protection of Economic Competition - Agreements Distorting Competition The topic of this thesis is agreements distorting economic competition, traditionally referred to as cartels. Cartels are various forms of explicit and implied agreements among participants in economic competition which are capable of affecting the competition in a negative way and result not only into damaging other competitors, but also mostly into damaging the consumers. The main purpose of this thesis is to present a comprehensive view on the issues of agreements distorting economic competition from the point of the Czech and European substantive legal regulation and take into account some aspects of their practical assessment. Another purpose was to evaluate the alternatives of sanctioning of the prohibited agreements, both public enforcement and private enforcement of claims of the subjects that suffered loss resulting from the agreements. A partial purpose was to suggest possible future regulation of chosen areas. Chapter One is an introduction and includes delimitation of aims of the thesis. Chapter Two deals with the essence of the agreements and the concept itself. It also explains briefly, which particular impacts can these agreements practically have. Chapter Three delimits the boundary between the illegal cartel...
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Protection of competition - block exemptions
Davidová, Lenka ; Horáček, Vít (advisor) ; Eichlerová, Kateřina (referee)
The main purpose of my thesis was to describe and analyse the system of the block exemptions. Briefly, the block exemption is a kind of exemption from the prohibition under article 101 (1) TFEU because it is supposed to fulfil the criteria of article 101 (3) TFEU. It exempts certain category of agreements, which are covered by the special regulation issued by the Council or more often by the Commission. The paper is divided into seven chapters and the first opening chapters are dealing with more general aspects of block exemption: the function, process of issuing, non- application and the advent of block exemption where the regulation 1/2003 (Modernisation Regulation) should be of special attention. It abolished the regime of previous notification of agreements to the Commission. An introduction to the system of other exemptions from the prohibition under article 101 (1) TFEU is also described there. The following part (chapter 4) focuses more detailed on the kinds of block exemptions, which are divided into the vertical, horizontal and sector exemptions. The former exemptions issued by the Czech Office for the Protection of Competition are no longer applicable and therefore only the block exemptions of the EU are of the concern of this paper. Furthermore, the special competition regime of some...
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Non-governmental organization within the IRS in the Central Region.
ČAPEK, Martin
The aim of this thesis is to map non-governmental organizations (NGOs) within the Integrated Rescue System (IRS) of the Central Bohemian Region. The definition of NGOs and what is volunteering. The thesis describes what are legal forms of NGOs, analysis of their condition, the manner of their involvement and commitment in dealing with emergencies (the EM). Furthermore, the timeliness of their contractual relationship and the ability of its implementation. Whether they are able to deploy the nominal power and resources. The paper also dealt detailed legal forms of contractual relationships bodies. Whether it's planning to request assistance under the law on the IRS, there is an entity other components of the IRS or a Cooperation Agreement and the revenues resulting rights and obligations of the parties. In addressing the issue were overviewed contracts and agreements entered into with entities with the basic components of the IRS. There was a validation agreements and addressing subjects was determined the availability and capability of performance of agreements. Actuality declared forces and resources. Further, a search for new suitable subjects via the internet, has included questioning of subjects with essential components of the IRS and using research in reports of intervention in the event of IRS statistics. Last but not least, the author used personal experience and contacts in the industry. The NGO is an organization not organized by state and state independent, which is designed to charitable activities or for nonprofit activities for public or private benefit. The most commonly used legal form are associations, foundations or endowment funds, church or religious society and nowadays non public benefit corporations. Their work and contribution to the functioning of the IRS is not negligible. Research carried out by the Legal Department, it was found that the two basic components of the IRS, the Police of the Czech Republic (PCR) and the Emergency Medical Services (EMS) has not concluded any agreements with NGOs. These components solves all the problems with using external intervention through the commander, or the Firefighter's Rescue Squad (hereinafter referred to as FRS) region and its Regional Operational and Information Centre (hereinafter KOPIS). The investigated subjects had a valid agreement by the arrangement were ready to meet her in that range. Local Group Water Rescue Service of the Czech Red Cross (hereinafter WRS CRC) Kladno II, Military History Club Sanites Car Beroun, Help in Danger or Rescue Corps of the Czech Republic are not very or not at all used. Quest was searched several potential new entrants. Unfortunately, most of them did not meet even the basic requirements for an agreement with the IRS. It is mainly suitable filling activities, emergency exit for 24/7 availability and or other low. The only suitable candidate, who left after the research is voluntary rescuers Association of the Czech Republic, o.s. from Dobřichovice. It met all the prerequisites for the proper and efficient functioning of the IRS and will be invited to the next meeting. Based on the data of the Central Region of the IRS has covered well functioning of NGOs. This condition is checked regularly and agreements are updated. Some operators have virtually no use and are not recruited. Here's the question the merits of the duration of the contracts and therefore the possibility of any termination. During the research it was found that other potential except for one subject is not in the county. From the side view of the IRS, either FRC or other components, is not put forward any request to supplement subjects. All areas of the MU solutions are covered and adequately safeguarded. And both alarmed plan of the region, as well as in regional emergency plan.
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Development aid of the European Union
Musilová, Michaela ; Čajka, Radek (advisor) ; Černá, Iveta (referee)
The main goal of this bachelor thesis is to describe mutual relations among the European Union and developing countries in the wider and narrower context. These relations are under the European Union Development Policy. The first part of this thesis aims on definition of basic terms. It defines developing economies and even the forms of developing assistance and specifies targets of foreign aid to which advanced economies are trying to get closer. The second part focuses on Developing Policy of the European Union, its history, institucional and financial framework. It also enquires the types of programmes and indicates the developing aid from a global perspective through comparison with other developed countries of the world. The third part is about aid projects, their life cycle and the evaluation of development aid effectiveness as a whole complex. The thesis ends with the list of recommendations that are necessary to achieve higher effectiveness of foreign aid administration.
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